Unit Price (USD): 1 kit $191.40

Bulk Price/unit (when you buy 5 or more): $153.12

Description:
Allows fast and easy measurement of both living and dead cells by measuring intracellular esterase activity (live cells) and staining of nucleic acids in chromatin (dead cells) in vitro, and in cell culture.

Application:
Esterases are a family of catabolic enzymes that cleave esters in a wide range of naturally occuring substrates intracellularly. They are ubiquitous to almost all living organisms. Esterase activity can be used to monitor viability of living cells using the fluorescent substrate 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate M0011 contained in the kit. Upon cleavage, the fluorescent product 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (green fluorescence color) M0122 is released and activity measurements are easily obtained either in vitro, in cell preparations, or in vivo. The kit also contains the DNA stain, propidium iodide M0793 that is membrane impermeant to live cells, but can enter the nucleus of dead cells and stain the chromatin (red fluorescence color). Measurement of red versus green fluorescence gives an accurate measurement of dead versus live cell number (viability). The kit contains enough substrate solutions for hundreds of assays and control experiments, and also contains reference standards and a detailed protocol for use. See the references below for more information and applications.

References:

• "Direct visualisation and quantification of cellular cytotoxicity using two colour fluorescence." Kroesen, B.J., Mesander, G., ter Haar, J.G., The, T.H., de Leij, L., (1992) J. Immunol. Methods 156:47-54.
• "Analysis of early apoptotic events in individual cells by fluorescence intensity and polarization measurements." Zurgil, N., Shafran, Y., Fixler, D., Deutsch, M., (2002) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 290:1573-1582
• "Flow cytometric assessment of viability of lactic acid bacteria." Bunthof, C.J., Bloemen, K., Breeuwer, P., Rombouts, F.M., Abee, T., Appl. Environ. Microbiol.(2001) 67:2326-2335.
• "Flow cytometry and cell sorting for yeast viability assessment and cell selection." Deere D, Shen J, Vesey G, Bell P, Bissinger P, Veal D. Yeast 14, 147-160 (1998)
• "Rapid flow cytometric assay for the assessment of natural killer cell activity." Chang, L., Gusewitch, G.A., Chritton, D.B., Folz, J.C., Lebeck, L.K., Nehlsen-Cannarella, S.L., (1993) J. Immunol. Methods. 166:45-54.
• "Dehydrothyrsiferol does not modulate multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 resistance: a functional screening system for MRP1 substrates." Pec, M.K., Aguirre, A., Fernandez, J.J., Souto, M.L., Dorta, J.F., Villar, J.. Int J. Mol. Med. 10:605-608.
• "Improved microplate fluorometer counting of viable tumor and normal cells." Riordan, H.D., Riordan, N.H., Meng, X., Zhong, J., Jackson, J.A., Anticancer Res. (1994) 14:927-931.
• "Characterization of uptake and hydrolysis of fluorescein diacetate and carboxyfluorescein diacetate by intracellular esterases in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which result in accumulation of fluorescent product." Breeuwer P, Drocourt JL, Bunschoten, Zwietering MH, Rombouts FM, Abee T (1995) Appl. Environ Microbiol. 61(4): 1614-1619.
• "Rapid viability assessment of yeast cells using vital staining with 2-NBDG, a fluorescent derivative of glucose." Oh KB, Matsuoka H (2002)Intl. J. Food Microbiol. 76(1-2): 47-53.