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Marker Gene Monthly Newsletter

Month, 2007

Volume 5, Number 8

© Copyright MGT, Inc., 2007. Published by Marker Gene Technologies, Inc., The University of Oregon Riverfront Research Park, 1850 Millrace Drive, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1992 USA. All rights reserved. For information on the use or copying of the material contained in this document, please contact us at techservice@markergene.com. Please see below for subscription information and updates. This newsletter is labeled as an ADVERTISEMENT in accordance with the CAN-SPAM act of 2003, S.877 Public Law: 108-187.

Plant Flowering Mechanisms.

Plants begin to flower in response to changes in daylight (day length), temperature and other environmental factors (nutrient levels, stress). This initiation of flowering at the apical meristem of the plant is very important as these activities lead to propagation and production of fruit at these centers. It has long been believed that a floral regulation compound (“florigen”) was produced in leaves and stems of the plant, and this regulatory protein would travel to the apical meristem to begin the flowering mechanisms. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology (Germany), Salk Institute for Biological Studies (San Diego, CA) and the Department of Botany, Kyoto University (Japan) have now published results of studies to elucidate the pathways that initiate flowering in plants. By using a combination of techniques, mainly involving tracing gene regulation and expression by monitoring co-expressed marker genes (EGPF, YFP and GUS), they have identified a protein, FT (flowering locus T) that may be such a factor. The FT gene codes for a small globular protein related to the floral repressor TFL1, and is expressed in leaves in response to long daylight (16h) days. It travels to the shoot apex and interacts with two transcription factors, FD and bZIP to start the pathways for flowering. The circadian rhythms of day length are further regulated by a transcription factor in the leaves called CONSTANS (CO), that controls expression of the FT gene. Marker gene fusion proteins of the main interacting proteins and factors as well as a yeast two-hybrid system were used to identify localization of gene expression, the proteins in apical and vascular tissues as well as protein interactions. Understanding these control mechanisms may allow researchers to control flowering in many important species including rice, peas and soybeans. For more information about these elegant techniques for monitoring gene expression in vivo please see our web site or the references below.

Abe, M. Kobayashi, Y., Yamamoto, S., Daimon, Y., Yamaguchi, A., Ikeda, Y., Ichinoki, H., Notaguchi, M., Goto, K., Araki^,T.., (2005)^“FD, a bZIP Protein Mediating Signals from the Floral Pathway Integrator FT at the Shoot Apex” Science, 309(5737): 1052-1056.

Wigge, P.A., Kim, M.C., Jaeger, K.E., Busch, W., Markus Schmid, M., Lohmann, J.U., Weigel, D., (2005) “Integration of Spatial and Temporal Information During Floral Induction in Arabidopsis” Science 309(5737): 1056-1059.

Hoffmann-Benning, S., Zeevaart, J.A.D. “Searching for Florigen” Plant Physiology Online 24:2 (2003) http://www.plantphys.net/article.php?ch=e&id=288

Ayre, B.G., “Florigen and a Genetic Approach to Long-Distance Signaling Through the Phloem” Plant Physiology Online 24:3 (2005) http://www.plantphys.net/article.php?ch=e&id=291

Miguel A. Blázquez (2005) “The Right Time and Place for Making Flowers” Science 309 (5737): 1024-1025.

Matrix Metalloproteinases Involved in Tumor Invasiveness.

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) belong to a family of secreted or membrane-associated proteins capable of digesting extracellular matrix components. Several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) including MMP-2 (gelatinase A) and MMP-9 (gelatinase B) have been found to be significantly enhanced in various carcinomas compared with adjacent tissues. MMP-2 (72-kDa gelatinase-A) is therefore often proposed as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment and high-throughput high-content assays are key to these research efforts. Because these enzymes are endopeptidases, most current assays for MMP activities involve the use of a FRET peptide substrate, where cleavage of the internal peptide structure causes an increase in fluorescence. Marker Gene is currently collaborating with NeoStrata Company, Inc. (Princeton, NJ) to introduce a new MMP-2/MMP-9 Fluorometric Matrix MetalloProteinase (MMP) Assay Kit designed to screen drugs or inhibitors that affect matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2, gelatinase A) activity. This assay utilizes a quenched fluorogenic peptide substrate incorporating EDANS fluorescence (EX 340nm / EM 490 nm M0273) that is quenched by a DABCYL group (M1051) until cleavage by MMP at the Gly-Leu bond. The assay can be performed in a convenient 96-well microplate format using cell culture lysates and supernatants, tissues, plasma, serum, or purified enzymes and can be developed for high-throughput systems. This assay is useful to screen drug targets or inhibitors of MMP-2, a potential therapeutic target. Included in this kit will be the fluorogenic substrate, assay buffer, a prototypic control inhibitor and a detailed protocol. For more information about these new assays, please see the references below or visit our website.

Sier C.F., Kubben F.J., Ganesh S., Heerding M.M., Griffioen G., Hanemaaijer R., van Krieken J.H., Lamers C.B., Verspaget H.W., (1996) “Tissue levels of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 are related to the overall survival of patients with gastric carcinoma.” Br J. Cancer 74(3): 413-7.

Knight C.G., Willenbrock F., Murphy G., (1992) “A novel coumarin-labelled peptide for sensitive continuous assays of the matrix metalloproteinases.” FEBS Lett. 296(3): 263-266.

Stryer, L., (1978) “Fluorescence energy transfer as a spectroscopic ruler.” Annu.Rev.Biochem. 47: 819-846

Lauer-Fields J.L., Kele P., Sui G., Nagase H., Leblanc R.M., Fields G.B., (2003) “Analysis of matrix metalloproteinase triple-helical peptidase activity with substrates incorporating fluorogenic L- or D-amino acids. “Anal Biochem 321(1): 105-15

Neumann , U., Kubota, H., Frei, K., Ganu, V., Leppert, D., (2004) “Characterization of Mca-Lys-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dpa-Ala-Arg-NH2, a fluorogenic substrate with increased specificity constants for collagenases and tumor necrosis factor converting enzyme.” Anal. Biochem., 328: 166-173.

Live Cell Yeast Luciferase Assays.

The firefly luciferase gene is widely used as a marker gene in many live cell systems. Analysis of the firefly luciferase marker gene in live yeast can be used to measure individual recombinant yeast cells containing the luciferase gene as a function of promoter activity. The assay conditions typically involve selecting a single colony from an agar plate containing a selective medium. This colony is then used to inoculate 3.0 mL of sc medium and grown overnight at 30 °C. 2 mL of this overnight culture is then used to inoculate 18 mL of fresh sc medium, until the OD_600 nm reaches a value of 0.4, and then 90 μL of this cell suspension is transferred to sterile white 96-well microtiter plates. If required, 10 μL of an analyte (drug candidate) sample can be added at this point (or 10 μL of media for control samples). Luminescence measurements are performed using a luminometer capable of reading a 96-well microplate format (Perkin-Elmer HTS 7000 or similar). A solution of d-luciferin 1 mM in 0.1 M Na citrate buffer solution at pH 5.0 (100 μL) is added or injected with an automatic dispenser and after a brief shaking luminescence measurements are performed with at least 5 second integration. Light emissions are usually expressed as relative light units (RLU) versus blank samples. Marker Gene offers the Live Cell Luciferase Assay Kit (M0626) that provides all the reagents and protocols for analysis of firefly luciferase activity in vivo.

Leskinen, P., Virta M., Karp, M., “One-step measurement of firefly luciferase activity in yeast” Yeast (2003) 20: 1109–1113.

Michelini E., Leskinen P., Virta M., Karp M., Roda A., (2005) “A new recombinant cell-based bioluminescent assay for sensitive androgen-like compound detection.” Biosens Bioelectron 20(11): 2261-2267.

Marker Gene Adds Helix Research Fluorescent Reagents.
Marker Gene is in negotiations to offer products from Helix Research Laboratories. Helix Research currently produces over 200 High-Quality Research Products that include a wide base of fluorescent reagents and reactive dyes, membrane labeling reagents, aminodextrans and dextran conjugates and a variety of cell biology reagents. Marker Gene will be adding these reagents and will also incorporate them into a variety of new kits and allied detection systems for easy use. Check our website for updates and more information.

Product of the Month M0545: Dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR123).

Each month we will feature one of our products and also provide a discount for researchers so that they can evaluate it in their research. This month’s product is M0545: Dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR123). Dihydrorhodamine 123 is a highly reactive form of the red fluorescent fluorophore Rhodamine, that becomes fluorescent upon interaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS), during apoptosis, or in response to oxidative burst activity in leukocytes as an indication of hereditary diseases like chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). DHR123 is practically non-fluorescent until oxidized intracellularly to the bright red fluorescent rhodamine 123 product. Assay conditions for staining live cells including mammalian, yeast, bacterial and plant cells are available on our website. Marker Gene will provide a 25% discount * on all orders of M0545 for the month of September. Please use Product Code APG805 when placing your order. For more information see the references listed below, contact our technical assistance staff or visit our Website.

"Dihydrorhodamine 123: a new flow cytometric indicator for respiratory burst activity in neutrophil granulocytes." G. Rothe, A. Oser, G. Valet Naturwissenschaften 75: 354-355 (1988).

"A fast and easy method to determine the production of reactive oxygen intermediates by human and murine phagocytes using dihydrorhodamine 123." A. Emmendorffer, M. Hecht, M.L. Lohmann-Matthes, J. Roesler, J Immunol. Methods 131: 269-275 (1990).

"Flow cytometric measurement of the respiratory burst activity of phagocytes using dihydrorhodamine 123." G. Rothe, A. Emmendorffer, A. Oser, J. Roesler, G. Valet, J. Immunol. Methods 138: 133-135 (1991).

"The oxidative metabolism of glutamine. A modulator of reactive oxygen intermediate-mediated cytotoxicity of tumor necrosis factor in L929 fibrosarcoma cells." V. Goossens, J. Grooten, W. Fiers, J. Biol. Chem. 271: 192-196 (1996).

"Dihydrorhodamine 123 identifies impaired mitochondrial respiratory chain function in cultured cells harboring mitochondrial DNA mutations." C. Sobreira, M. Davidson, M.P. King, A.F. Miranda, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 44: 571-579 (1996).

"The regulation of reactive oxygen species production during programmed cell death." S. Tan, Y. Sagara, Y. Liu, P. Maher, D. Schubert, J. Cell Biol. 141: 1423-1432 (1998).

"A sensitive flow cytometric method for measuring the oxidative burst." M.A. Model, M.A. KuKuruga, R.F. Todd, J. Immunol. Methods 202: 105-111 (1997).

"Identification of oxidant-sensitive proteins: TNF-alpha induces protein glutathiolation." D.M. Sullivan, N.B. Wehr, N.M. Fergusson, R.L. Levine, T. Finkel, Biochemistry 39: 11121-11128 (2000).
*Note: Limit, one order per customer, 5 unit maximum. Does not apply with any other discounts or separate bulk quotes, Offer expires September 30, 2005.

Compare Our Quality.
Marker Gene strives to offer our customers products of the highest quality and at the best possible prices. Our years of experience allow us to provide timely products for less cost to you. See our latest Price Comparison Chart that compares our prices with those from several alternate sources, to see if you can save money by switching to Marker Gene (http://www.markergene.com/crossref.htm). Or visit our website at www.markergene.com and click on the link “COMPARE”. We think you will appreciate our efforts to keep costs low and maintain excellent quality of our products for your research. For more information about any of our products, simply telephone us toll free at 1-888-218-4062 or contact us by e-mail at techservice@markergene.com. We will be happy to send you more about our products and their specifications.

CONTRACT RESEARCH@markergene.com

Marker Gene Technologies, Inc. has the expertise to perform contract research with you on your project. We have worked with many biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies on successful, proprietary and patented projects.

Contract Research and Development Capabilities in the following areas:

Established in 1993 at the University of Oregon Riverfront Research Park.

Screening Assay Development for HTS and uHTS

Chemical and Cellular Assays – High-Content Screening.

DNA/RNA (genomics) and protein (proteomics) labeling and assay development.

Pharmaceutical Intermediates - design, synthesis, and in vitro testing in mammalian cell culture.

Specializing in Carbohydrate, Lipid, Peptide, and Nucleic Acid Chemistries.

Fully equipped laboratories (Biochemistry, Chemical Synthesis, Tissue Culture, Analytical).

Confidentiality, help in patent preparation and filings.

Contact us by telephone at (888) 218-4062 or (541) 342-3760 or FAX us at (541) 342-1960 or you can write to us at Contract Research, Marker Gene Technologies, Inc., 1850 Millrace Drive, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1992 or contact us by e-mail at: techservice@markergene.com

Marker Gene Accepts Major Credit Cards.

Place your orders now, using Master Card or Visa and save time and money! Our Customer Assistance Staff can now accept either Master Card or Visa Credit Card orders, securely by telephone (toll-free) at 1-888-218-4062 (Domestic orders only). We will continue to accept Institutional Purchase Orders for our products, online or by FAX at 1-541-342-1960. International customers should contact us by e-mail, post or telephone for more information about International Distributors and ordering. For information on pricing for individual products, or for a quote on bulk quantities of our products or kits, please contact our technical assistance staff at techservice@markergene.com. We will be happy to assist you.

To add your name to our WebNewsletter mailing list, please use the following link: subscribe@markergene.com.

To unsubscribe from our mailing list, please use the following link: unsubscribe@markergene.com. Your e-mail address will be deleted in 2-3 business days.


	If you are having trouble viewing this email, click on this link. To order any of our products, please go to our ORDER FORM or visit one of our distributors:
	Marker Gene Monthly Newsletter Month, 2007 Volume 5, Number 8 © Copyright MGT, Inc., 2007. Published by Marker Gene Technologies, Inc., The University of Oregon Riverfront Research Park, 1850 Millrace Drive, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1992 USA. All rights reserved. For information on the use or copying of the material contained in this document, please contact us at techservice@markergene.com. Please see below for subscription information and updates. This newsletter is labeled as an ADVERTISEMENT in accordance with the CAN-SPAM act of 2003, S.877 Public Law: 108-187.
	Plant Flowering Mechanisms. Plants begin to flower in response to changes in daylight (day length), temperature and other environmental factors (nutrient levels, stress). This initiation of flowering at the apical meristem of the plant is very important as these activities lead to propagation and production of fruit at these centers. It has long been believed that a floral regulation compound (“florigen”) was produced in leaves and stems of the plant, and this regulatory protein would travel to the apical meristem to begin the flowering mechanisms. Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology (Germany), Salk Institute for Biological Studies (San Diego, CA) and the Department of Botany, Kyoto University (Japan) have now published results of studies to elucidate the pathways that initiate flowering in plants. By using a combination of techniques, mainly involving tracing gene regulation and expression by monitoring co-expressed marker genes (EGPF, YFP and GUS), they have identified a protein, FT (flowering locus T) that may be such a factor. The FT gene codes for a small globular protein related to the floral repressor TFL1, and is expressed in leaves in response to long daylight (16h) days. It travels to the shoot apex and interacts with two transcription factors, FD and bZIP to start the pathways for flowering. The circadian rhythms of day length are further regulated by a transcription factor in the leaves called CONSTANS (CO), that controls expression of the FT gene. Marker gene fusion proteins of the main interacting proteins and factors as well as a yeast two-hybrid system were used to identify localization of gene expression, the proteins in apical and vascular tissues as well as protein interactions. Understanding these control mechanisms may allow researchers to control flowering in many important species including rice, peas and soybeans. For more information about these elegant techniques for monitoring gene expression in vivo please see our web site or the references below. Abe, M. Kobayashi, Y., Yamamoto, S., Daimon, Y., Yamaguchi, A., Ikeda, Y., Ichinoki, H., Notaguchi, M., Goto, K., Araki^,T.., (2005)^“FD, a bZIP Protein Mediating Signals from the Floral Pathway Integrator FT at the Shoot Apex” Science, 309(5737): 1052-1056. Wigge, P.A., Kim, M.C., Jaeger, K.E., Busch, W., Markus Schmid, M., Lohmann, J.U., Weigel, D., (2005) “Integration of Spatial and Temporal Information During Floral Induction in Arabidopsis” Science 309(5737): 1056-1059. Hoffmann-Benning, S., Zeevaart, J.A.D. “Searching for Florigen” Plant Physiology Online 24:2 (2003) http://www.plantphys.net/article.php?ch=e&id=288 Ayre, B.G., “Florigen and a Genetic Approach to Long-Distance Signaling Through the Phloem” Plant Physiology Online 24:3 (2005) http://www.plantphys.net/article.php?ch=e&id=291 Miguel A. Blázquez (2005) “The Right Time and Place for Making Flowers” Science 309 (5737): 1024-1025.
	Matrix Metalloproteinases Involved in Tumor Invasiveness. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) belong to a family of secreted or membrane-associated proteins capable of digesting extracellular matrix components. Several matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) including MMP-2 (gelatinase A) and MMP-9 (gelatinase B) have been found to be significantly enhanced in various carcinomas compared with adjacent tissues. MMP-2 (72-kDa gelatinase-A) is therefore often proposed as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment and high-throughput high-content assays are key to these research efforts. Because these enzymes are endopeptidases, most current assays for MMP activities involve the use of a FRET peptide substrate, where cleavage of the internal peptide structure causes an increase in fluorescence. Marker Gene is currently collaborating with NeoStrata Company, Inc. (Princeton, NJ) to introduce a new MMP-2/MMP-9 Fluorometric Matrix MetalloProteinase (MMP) Assay Kit designed to screen drugs or inhibitors that affect matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2, gelatinase A) activity. This assay utilizes a quenched fluorogenic peptide substrate incorporating EDANS fluorescence (EX 340nm / EM 490 nm M0273) that is quenched by a DABCYL group (M1051) until cleavage by MMP at the Gly-Leu bond. The assay can be performed in a convenient 96-well microplate format using cell culture lysates and supernatants, tissues, plasma, serum, or purified enzymes and can be developed for high-throughput systems. This assay is useful to screen drug targets or inhibitors of MMP-2, a potential therapeutic target. Included in this kit will be the fluorogenic substrate, assay buffer, a prototypic control inhibitor and a detailed protocol. For more information about these new assays, please see the references below or visit our website. Sier C.F., Kubben F.J., Ganesh S., Heerding M.M., Griffioen G., Hanemaaijer R., van Krieken J.H., Lamers C.B., Verspaget H.W., (1996) “Tissue levels of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 are related to the overall survival of patients with gastric carcinoma.” Br J. Cancer 74(3): 413-7. Knight C.G., Willenbrock F., Murphy G., (1992) “A novel coumarin-labelled peptide for sensitive continuous assays of the matrix metalloproteinases.” FEBS Lett. 296(3): 263-266. Stryer, L., (1978) “Fluorescence energy transfer as a spectroscopic ruler.” Annu.Rev.Biochem. 47: 819-846 Lauer-Fields J.L., Kele P., Sui G., Nagase H., Leblanc R.M., Fields G.B., (2003) “Analysis of matrix metalloproteinase triple-helical peptidase activity with substrates incorporating fluorogenic L- or D-amino acids. “Anal Biochem 321(1): 105-15 Neumann , U., Kubota, H., Frei, K., Ganu, V., Leppert, D., (2004) “Characterization of Mca-Lys-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Dpa-Ala-Arg-NH2, a fluorogenic substrate with increased specificity constants for collagenases and tumor necrosis factor converting enzyme.” Anal. Biochem., 328: 166-173.
	Live Cell Yeast Luciferase Assays. The firefly luciferase gene is widely used as a marker gene in many live cell systems. Analysis of the firefly luciferase marker gene in live yeast can be used to measure individual recombinant yeast cells containing the luciferase gene as a function of promoter activity. The assay conditions typically involve selecting a single colony from an agar plate containing a selective medium. This colony is then used to inoculate 3.0 mL of sc medium and grown overnight at 30 °C. 2 mL of this overnight culture is then used to inoculate 18 mL of fresh sc medium, until the OD_600 nm reaches a value of 0.4, and then 90 μL of this cell suspension is transferred to sterile white 96-well microtiter plates. If required, 10 μL of an analyte (drug candidate) sample can be added at this point (or 10 μL of media for control samples). Luminescence measurements are performed using a luminometer capable of reading a 96-well microplate format (Perkin-Elmer HTS 7000 or similar). A solution of d-luciferin 1 mM in 0.1 M Na citrate buffer solution at pH 5.0 (100 μL) is added or injected with an automatic dispenser and after a brief shaking luminescence measurements are performed with at least 5 second integration. Light emissions are usually expressed as relative light units (RLU) versus blank samples. Marker Gene offers the Live Cell Luciferase Assay Kit (M0626) that provides all the reagents and protocols for analysis of firefly luciferase activity in vivo. Leskinen, P., Virta M., Karp, M., “One-step measurement of firefly luciferase activity in yeast” Yeast (2003) 20: 1109–1113. Michelini E., Leskinen P., Virta M., Karp M., Roda A., (2005) “A new recombinant cell-based bioluminescent assay for sensitive androgen-like compound detection.” Biosens Bioelectron 20(11): 2261-2267.
	Marker Gene Adds Helix Research Fluorescent Reagents. Marker Gene is in negotiations to offer products from Helix Research Laboratories. Helix Research currently produces over 200 High-Quality Research Products that include a wide base of fluorescent reagents and reactive dyes, membrane labeling reagents, aminodextrans and dextran conjugates and a variety of cell biology reagents. Marker Gene will be adding these reagents and will also incorporate them into a variety of new kits and allied detection systems for easy use. Check our website for updates and more information.
	Product of the Month M0545: Dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR123). Each month we will feature one of our products and also provide a discount for researchers so that they can evaluate it in their research. This month’s product is M0545: Dihydrorhodamine 123 (DHR123). Dihydrorhodamine 123 is a highly reactive form of the red fluorescent fluorophore Rhodamine, that becomes fluorescent upon interaction with reactive oxygen species (ROS), during apoptosis, or in response to oxidative burst activity in leukocytes as an indication of hereditary diseases like chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). DHR123 is practically non-fluorescent until oxidized intracellularly to the bright red fluorescent rhodamine 123 product. Assay conditions for staining live cells including mammalian, yeast, bacterial and plant cells are available on our website. Marker Gene will provide a 25% discount * on all orders of M0545 for the month of September. Please use Product Code APG805 when placing your order. For more information see the references listed below, contact our technical assistance staff or visit our Website. "Dihydrorhodamine 123: a new flow cytometric indicator for respiratory burst activity in neutrophil granulocytes." G. Rothe, A. Oser, G. Valet Naturwissenschaften 75: 354-355 (1988). "A fast and easy method to determine the production of reactive oxygen intermediates by human and murine phagocytes using dihydrorhodamine 123." A. Emmendorffer, M. Hecht, M.L. Lohmann-Matthes, J. Roesler, J Immunol. Methods 131: 269-275 (1990). "Flow cytometric measurement of the respiratory burst activity of phagocytes using dihydrorhodamine 123." G. Rothe, A. Emmendorffer, A. Oser, J. Roesler, G. Valet, J. Immunol. Methods 138: 133-135 (1991). "The oxidative metabolism of glutamine. A modulator of reactive oxygen intermediate-mediated cytotoxicity of tumor necrosis factor in L929 fibrosarcoma cells." V. Goossens, J. Grooten, W. Fiers, J. Biol. Chem. 271: 192-196 (1996). "Dihydrorhodamine 123 identifies impaired mitochondrial respiratory chain function in cultured cells harboring mitochondrial DNA mutations." C. Sobreira, M. Davidson, M.P. King, A.F. Miranda, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 44: 571-579 (1996). "The regulation of reactive oxygen species production during programmed cell death." S. Tan, Y. Sagara, Y. Liu, P. Maher, D. Schubert, J. Cell Biol. 141: 1423-1432 (1998). "A sensitive flow cytometric method for measuring the oxidative burst." M.A. Model, M.A. KuKuruga, R.F. Todd, J. Immunol. Methods 202: 105-111 (1997). "Identification of oxidant-sensitive proteins: TNF-alpha induces protein glutathiolation." D.M. Sullivan, N.B. Wehr, N.M. Fergusson, R.L. Levine, T. Finkel, Biochemistry 39: 11121-11128 (2000). *Note: Limit, one order per customer, 5 unit maximum. Does not apply with any other discounts or separate bulk quotes, Offer expires September 30, 2005.
	Compare Our Quality. Marker Gene strives to offer our customers products of the highest quality and at the best possible prices. Our years of experience allow us to provide timely products for less cost to you. See our latest Price Comparison Chart that compares our prices with those from several alternate sources, to see if you can save money by switching to Marker Gene (http://www.markergene.com/crossref.htm). Or visit our website at www.markergene.com and click on the link “COMPARE”. We think you will appreciate our efforts to keep costs low and maintain excellent quality of our products for your research. For more information about any of our products, simply telephone us toll free at 1-888-218-4062 or contact us by e-mail at techservice@markergene.com. We will be happy to send you more about our products and their specifications.
	CONTRACT RESEARCH@markergene.com Marker Gene Technologies, Inc. has the expertise to perform contract research with you on your project. We have worked with many biotechnology and pharmaceutical companies on successful, proprietary and patented projects. Contract Research and Development Capabilities in the following areas: Established in 1993 at the University of Oregon Riverfront Research Park. Screening Assay Development for HTS and uHTS Chemical and Cellular Assays – High-Content Screening. DNA/RNA (genomics) and protein (proteomics) labeling and assay development. Pharmaceutical Intermediates - design, synthesis, and in vitro testing in mammalian cell culture. Specializing in Carbohydrate, Lipid, Peptide, and Nucleic Acid Chemistries. Fully equipped laboratories (Biochemistry, Chemical Synthesis, Tissue Culture, Analytical). Confidentiality, help in patent preparation and filings. Contact us by telephone at (888) 218-4062 or (541) 342-3760 or FAX us at (541) 342-1960 or you can write to us at Contract Research, Marker Gene Technologies, Inc., 1850 Millrace Drive, Eugene, Oregon 97403-1992 or contact us by e-mail at: techservice@markergene.com
	Marker Gene Accepts Major Credit Cards. Place your orders now, using Master Card or Visa and save time and money! Our Customer Assistance Staff can now accept either Master Card or Visa Credit Card orders, securely by telephone (toll-free) at 1-888-218-4062 (Domestic orders only). We will continue to accept Institutional Purchase Orders for our products, online or by FAX at 1-541-342-1960. International customers should contact us by e-mail, post or telephone for more information about International Distributors and ordering. For information on pricing for individual products, or for a quote on bulk quantities of our products or kits, please contact our technical assistance staff at techservice@markergene.com. We will be happy to assist you.
	To add your name to our WebNewsletter mailing list, please use the following link: subscribe@markergene.com. To unsubscribe from our mailing list, please use the following link: unsubscribe@markergene.com. Your e-mail address will be deleted in 2-3 business days.